Do as directed.

 *DO AS DIRECTED...*

1️⃣ I could not finish the project on time. *(Rewrite using ‘uable to’)*

2️⃣ I must submit the project tomorrow. *(Rewrite using 'necessary')*

3️⃣ Could they solve the problem? *(Rewrite using ‘possible’)*

4️⃣ If you feel that it is necessary for you to make changes in the document, feel free to do so. *(Rewrite using ‘need’)*

5️⃣ Prospero could not make him change his ways. *(Rewrite using 'possible')*

6️⃣ You should be able to guide us. *(Rewrite using 'ought to')*

7️⃣ Shailesh would spend hours in the water. *(Rewrite using ‘used to’)*

8️⃣ The project should get good publicity. *(Rewrite using another suitable auxiliary in place of the underlined one)*

9️⃣ I am able to tell you that it has really made a difference. *(Rewrite using ‘can’)*

*Answers*

1. It was unable to finish the project on time.

2. It is necessary for me to submit the project tomorrow.

3. Was it possible for them to solve the problem?

4. If you need to make changes in the document, feel free to do so.

5. It was not possible for Prospero to make him change his ways.

6. You ought to guide us.

7. Shailesh used to

 spend hours in the water.

8. The project ought to get good publicity.

9. I can tell you that it has really made a difference.

Complex Sentence.

 www.globalenglishcreativity.co

*SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS*

_A conjunction which connects a dependent clause to an independent clause is called a *Subordinating Conjunction*._ This makes the sentence Complex.

_The common subordinating conjunctions are *when, while, where, though, although, till, until, before, after, if, unless, as, since, because* and *that*._

✳️ When it started raining they took shelter under a tree.

✳️ I was working while you were playing.

✳️ Put it where you can find it later.

✳️ Though he is rich, he is not arrogant.

✳️ Although I had invited him, he didn’t turn up.

✳️ Will you wait here till I return?

✳️ I waited until 10 o’clock and then I went home.

✳️ Shailesh always feeds the dogs before he goes to work.

✳️ Satish went to the US after he finished his studies.

✳️ If it rains, the match will be cancelled.

✳️ Unless you achieve your targets, you will not be promoted.

✳️ As Sunil was not there, I couldn’t meet him.

✳️ Since he has apologized, we will not take any further actions against him.

✳️ My parents were happy because I had won the first prize.

✳️ I am glad that you have passed the test.

*There are different Kinds of Subordinating Conjunctions.* 

They are:

1️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of time*: when, while, before, after, till, until, since

2️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of place*: where, wherever

3️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of cause or reason*: because, since, as

4️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of condition*: if, unless

5️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of concession*: though, although,even though

6️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of result or consequence*: so…that, that,as

7️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of purpose*: that, lest,so that,in order that

8️⃣ *Subordinating conjunction of comparison*: than

Use of Unless/ If not.

http://www.globalenglishcreativity.com/unless-if-not/ 

Tense

 *Present Perfect Tense*

_Make sentences in the Present Perfect Tense using the verb given in the brackets..._

1. The guests ……. (arrive)

2. The boys …… in their reports. (hand)

3. We ….. on this street for fifteen years. (live)

4. She …… in several movies. (act)

5. I ….. no information from them. (receive)

6. The students ….. (learn) their lessons.

7. I …… (start) working on my new project.

8. Mother …… the table. (lay)

9. I ….. drafting the report. (finish)

10. …… you …. your breakfast? (eat)

11. The child ….. for eight hours. (sleep)

12. The child …… his mother. (find)

*Answers*

1. The guests have arrived.

2. The boys have handed in their reports.

3. We have lived on this street for fifteen years.

4. She has acted in several movies.

5. I have received no information from them.

6. The students have learnt / have learned their lessons.

7. I have started working on my new project.

8. Mother has laid the table.

9. I have finished drafting the report.

10. Have you eaten your breakfast?

11. The child has slept for eight hours.

12. The child has found his mother.

Voice

 *Active Voice*

*Passive Voice*

_Can you use the passive voice correctly? Take a moment to do this exercise._

*Fill in the blanks with an appropriate passive verb form.*

1. They are painting the walls. (Active) / The walls ………. (Passive)

are painting

are being painted

are painted

2. He closed the door. (Active) / The door ……. by him. (Passive)

has closed

was being closed

was closed

3. The loan recovery officials sealed the house. (Active) / The house .……. by the loan recovery officials. (Passive)

was sealed

was being sealed

has been sealed

4. I have cleaned the carpets. (Active) / The carpets ……. (Passive)

are cleaned

have been cleaned

had been cleaned

5. I had sent the parcel in the morning. (Active) / The parcel …….. in the morning. (Passive)

had been sent

have been sent

was sent

6. You should post this letter. (Active) / This letter ……… (Passive)

should be posting

should be posted

should have posted

7. They will announce the results tomorrow. (Active) / The results ……… tomorrow. (Passive)

will be announced

will be announcing

will announced

8. I have fed the dog. (Active) / The dog ……. (Passive)

has been fed

was fed

had been fed

9. We will have finished the work by Monday. (Active) / The work ……… by Monday. (Passive)

will have been finishing

will be finished

will have been finished

10. The reporter is announcing the news. (Active) / The news …….. (Passive)

is being announcing

was announced

is being announced

11. They took the patient to the hospital in an ambulance. (Active) / The patient ……. to the hospital in an ambulance. (Passive)

was taking

was taken

had been taken

12. I bought food at the restaurant. (Active) / Food …… at the restaurant. (Passive)

had bought

was bought

has been bought

*Answers*

1. They are painting the walls. (Active) / The walls are being painted. (Passive)

2. He closed the door. (Active) / The door was closed by him. (Passive)

3. The loan recovery officials sealed the house. (Active) / The house was sealed by the loan recovery officials. (Passive)

4. I have cleaned the carpets. (Active) / The carpets have been cleaned. (Passive)

5. I had sent the parcel in the morning. (Active) / The parcel had been sent in the morning. (Passive)

6. You should post this letter. (Active) / This letter should be posted. (Passive)

7. They will announce the results tomorrow. (Active) / The results will be announced tomorrow. (Passive)

8. I have fed the dog. (Active) / The dog has been fed. (Passive)

9. We will have finished the work by Monday. (Active) / The work will have been finished by Monday. (Passive)

10. The reporter is announcing the news. (Active) / The news is being announced. (Passive)

11. They took the patient to the hospital in an ambulance. (Active) / The patient was taken to the hospital in an ambulance. (Passive)

12. I bought food at the restaurant. (Active) / Food was bought at the restaurant. (Passive)

Infinitive & Gerund

 *INFINITIVE / GERUND* 

_Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. Some are followed by infinitives. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures correctly._

*Fill in the blanks.*

1. I hate the idea ……………….. old.

to get

of getting

of get

2. The thought ……………… never bothered him.

to fail

of failing

to failing

3. Alka is very clever ……………….. problems.

in solving

to solve

at solving

4. Have you got anything ………………. flies?

to kill

for killing

for to kill

5. You can’t eat meat without …………….. an animal.

to kill

killing

of killing

6. You must always check the oil before ……………… the vehicle.

start

to start

starting

7. I am not used to ………………. in a major city.

live

living

Either could be used here

8. Do you object to ……………. on weekends?

work

working

Either could be used here

9. Be careful when you talk to him. He is inclined to ……………… his temper.

lose

losing

Either could be used here

10. We are waiting for the guests …………….

to arrive

to arriving

arriving

11. We regret …………… passengers that the flight to Amsterdam has been cancelled.

to inform

informing

to informing

12. I regret ……………… out of college. It was a big blunder.

to drop

to dropping

dropping

*Answers*

1. I hate the idea of getting old.

2. The thought of failing never bothered him.

3. Alka is very clever at solving problems.

4. Have you got anything for killing flies?

5. You can’t eat meat without killing an animal.

6. You must always check the oil before starting the vehicle.

7. I am not used to living in a major city.

8. Do you object to working on weekends?

9. Be careful when you talk to him. He is inclined to lose his temper.

10. We are waiting for the guests to arrive.

11. We regret to inform passengers that the flight to Amsterdam has been cancelled.

12. I regret dropping out of college. It was a big blunder.

Vocabulary Building.

 *Vocabulary Building*

Check out how good is your vocabulary. Take the given exercise.

 

Replace the highlighted words with another words that means the same, from the options given below.

_*(rattling, churlish, changeable, circumvent, camouflage, typical, circumference, caliber, clemency, candor)*_

1. Windy days are *characteristic* of December.

2. Her moods are as *flighty* as the weather.

3. Shailesh tends to be *ill-tempered* before he has had breakfast.

4. We sailed around the entire *boundary* of the island.

5. The swindler tried to *evade* the law.

6. We heard the pots and pans *clanking*  in the kitchen.

7. The defendant was grateful for the judge’s *leniency*.

8. His character was of the highest *merit*.

9. A chameleon *disguises* itself by changing color.

10. A good critic must be a man of great *honesty*.

*Answers*

1. Windy days are typical of December.

2. Her moods are as changeable  as the weather.

3. Shailesh tends to be churlish before he has had breakfast.

4. We sailed around the entire circumference of the island.

5. The swindler tried to circumvent the law.

6. We heard the pots and pans rattling in the kitchen.

7. The defendant was grateful for the judge’s clemency.

8. His character was of the highest caliber.

9. A chameleon camouflages itself by changing color.

10. A good critic must be a man of great candor.

Speech Writing.

 💫 *Speech Writing* 💫🖊️

On *The National Youth Day*( *Yuva Diwas*).12th January 2021.

A very good to one and all.Honourable Chairperson,the principal of our college....., my colleagues and my dear students.Today,we are celebrating the National Youth Day.This day is celebrated every year to commemorate the birth anniversary of an eminent personality, Swami Vivekananda since 1984.The main objective  behind the celebration is to make a better future of the country by motivating the youths and spreading the ideas of Swami Vivekananda.

  Swami Vivekanand was born on 12th January 1863 at Kolkata(Calcutta).He was a son of Vishvanath Datta and Bhuvneshwari Devi.His premonetic name was Narendra.He was a renowned philosopher,poet,writer,orator,thinker, social reformer and patriot.He is best known for his speech at the parliament of the World's  Religion held in 1893 in Chicago.He won the hearts of the American people by  using  the words *My brothers are and Sisters*....He had a spiritual and meditative personality.In 1881,he met with Swami Ramkrishna Paramhans at Dakshineswar's Kali temple and became his disciple.He founded Ramkrishna Mission and Ramkrishna Math in Calcutta.Sister Nivedita was his deciple .His philosophical works comprise *Raj Yog* and *modern Vedanta*.

*'Arise,awake and stop not till the goal is reached'* is one of the popular quotes of Swami Vivekananda which is the source of inspiration for millions of youth today.

   50 %of India's population is under the age of 25 means youth population .In the 21st century era,there is a cut throat competition for youths to make career.And Swami Vivekananda is a role model for the youths because of his strong mind ,body, spirit and role in the nation building activities during the independence movement.

    Friends,on seeing the qualities of Swami Vivekananda, we should be proud of him .Be knowledgeable like Swami Vivekananda.You , *youths* imitate the heroes in the film industry.But you should imitate this great hero of India and acquire some of the qualities from his personality.It is ridiculously but aptly said ' *केस वाढवून देवानंद बन न्यापेक्षा  ज्ञान वाढवून विवेकानंद बना* .  Really,his personality is an idol for everyone. His preaching is still useful for us.

   Such a great soul departed while he was in a meditative state in 1902. I pay my tribute to him.

   Today's second eminent personlity before us is Rajamata Jijabai.Co incidentally,we are celebrating the birth anniversaries of these great personalities on the same date.

  *The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.*

Rastrasant Tukodoji Maharaj also says ,"  *जिच्या हाती पाळण्याची दोरी ती जगाला उद्धारी,

ऐशी वर्णावी मातेची थोरवी शेकडो गुरुहूनी."* 

  These qoutes describe the power of a mother on upbringing a child and these quotes are apt for Jijabai,  Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj,the founder of Maratha Empire.

  She was an ideal mother who instilled values like patriotism and love for Dharma in Shivaji Maharaj.

    Jijabai Shahaji Bhosale, referred to as Rajmata Jijabai or Jijau who was a daughter of Lakhuji Jadhav of Shindkhed Raja.She was born on 12th January 1598.

 She was a very courageous woman.When she saw how the Mughal emperors treated the Hindus,she wished to fight with them and establish the Maratha Empire in Maharashtra.And for this great cause,she prepared Shivaji Maharaj right from his childhood.She taught him many moral lessons.And because of her efforts and teachings, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj became the crowned King of Maratha Swaraj on 6 th June 1674.But unfortunately,Jijamata couldn't live in the free Maharashtra for  longer time.It means she passed away very soon after the coronation of Shivaji Maharaj i.e on 17 th June 1674.The credit for establishing the Swaraj goes to her.Really, she was an ideal mother.I pay my homage to this great mother.

Thank you.